Analysis

To analyze something means to point out its constituent parts, the relation among the parts, and their relation to other ideas or issues. 

A common structure for an analytical paper is to first describe the topic or issue as a whole, followed by paragraphs on each of the important constituent parts, followed by paragraphs on the important relationships among constituent parts and with other ideas or issues. Sometimes, however, writers prefer to say everything they have to say about one part – including comments about relationships – before moving on to a second or third part. Either organization is acceptable.