Where: Geographic region/country

Similar to considering a specific time period, a geographic focus can help narrow a topic. Below are examples of issues that one might narrow by geographic area to make them more manageable.

For example:

1. Indigenous/aboriginal self-determination

    Consider narrowing by geographic region:

• In Canada
• In Australia

2. Environmental risks of oil exploration

    Consider narrowing by geographic region:

• Below the ocean bed (e.g., North Sea)
• From sedimentary deposits (e.g., Alberta tar sands)

You may broaden a topic by removing specific regional or country parameters or adding additional ones. For example, to broaden the topic “harm reduction drug strategies for youth in Toronto”, expand the geographic aspect to include other Canadian urban centres.